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Nature_and_Environment.115
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{Nature_and_Environment.115.1}: Glen Marks {wotan} Tue, 26 Nov 2019 19:38:34 CST (2 lines)

"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/how-innovation-and-small-steps-
can-help-us-solve-the-plastic-problem"

{Nature_and_Environment.115.2}: Glen Marks {wotan} Thu, 28 Nov 2019 23:08:40 CST (4 lines)

Light pollution:

"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/nov/22/light-pollution-
insect-apocalypse"

{Nature_and_Environment.115.3}: Glen Marks {wotan} Sat, 07 Dec 2019 02:12:37 CST (4 lines)

Plastic pollution and whales:

"www.vox.com/2019/5/24/18635543/plastic-pollution-bags-whale-stomach-
beached"

{Nature_and_Environment.115.4}: Glen Marks {wotan} Tue, 10 Dec 2019 13:03:37 CST (2 lines)

"https://earther.gizmodo.com/theres-literally-a-million-times-more-
microplastic-in-o-1840175488"

{Nature_and_Environment.115.5}: Jay Hoffman {resist} Sun, 12 Jan 2020 16:10:28 CST (35 lines)

New Report Details How trumpanzee's EPA Is Promoting 'Worst of the
Worst Pesticides'


The EPA approved
*•*15 new products containing neurotoxic carbamates or
organophosphates (OPs), including chlorpyrifos.
*•*17 new products containing the endocrine disruptor
atrazine.
*•*Six new products containing paraquat, which is so
lethal that one spoonful can kill a full-grown adult.
*•*Four new products containing the extremely dangerous
airborne fumigants methyl bromide or chloropicrin.
*•*91 new restricted-use pesticides, so dangerous they
can only be applied by a professional.
*•*69 new products containing an ingredient the EPA
recognizes as a "known" or "likely" carcinogen.

Roughly a third of the products approved over the two-year period have
more than one active ingredient, with some containing as many as six.
That's cause for concern. From the report:

When the EPA analyzes the harms associated with pesticides, it only
takes into account exposure to a single active ingredient at a time.
This practice fails to fully capture the risk and potential harms that
can be caused by 1 out of every 3 products it's approving. This is in
addition to the EPA's refusal to consider the impacts of interactions
between active ingredients and other ingredients in formulated
products that can result in increased toxicity. This refusal to
analyze harm from ingredient mixtures, the same mixtures that are sold
on store shelves, calls into question the effectiveness of a risk-
assessment process that ignores these highly relevant exposures.

"https://www.commondreams.org/news/2020/01/10/new-report-details-how-
epa-promoting-worst-worst-pesticides"

{Nature_and_Environment.115.6}: Jay Hoffman {resist} Wed, 20 May 2020 18:52:15 CDT (34 lines)

A new study suggests an underestimation of microplastics in the ocean.

By using finer sampling nets … (researchers) have built a picture of
the extent to which microplastics in coastal waters have been
underestimated. The findings show … a 2.5- and 10-fold greater
microplastic concentration.
"https://phys.org/news/2020-05-underestimating-microplastics-marine-
environment.html"

A new study from the University of Central Florida has confirmed and
quantified, for the first time, the presence of microplastics in
terrestrial and aquatic birds of prey in Florida, including hawks,
ospreys and owls.

Past studies have documented increasing amounts of microplastics in
the guts of fish, marine birds, and filter-feeding invertebrates, such
as oysters. There have also been recent reports of whales dying from
eating dozens of pounds of plastic, including plastic bags. However,
birds of prey have not been thoroughly examined before, partly due to
their protected status.

Carlin and Walters were able to overcome this by working with the
Audubon Center for Birds of Prey in Maitland, Florida, a
rehabilitation center that helps injured raptors.

With the center's permits, UCF researchers were able to examine the
stomach contents of 63 birds that were dead when they arrived at the
center or died 24 hours after they arrived. The birds were collected
from throughout Central Florida.

Using dissecting microscopes and spectroscopy, the researchers found
microplastics in the digestive systems of all birds examined, with
nearly 1,200 pieces of plastic pulled from the 63 birds.
"https://phys.org/news/2020-05-microplastics-florida-birds-prey.html"

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